The primary purposes of Three Mile Bay Wildlife Management Area (WMA) are for wildlife management, wildlife habitat management, and wildlife-dependent recreation. This WMA is 3966 acres in size and is adjacent to Three Mile Bay on Oneida Lake's north shore. It is situated in southern Oswego County, approximately six miles east of the village of Central Square and two miles from NY Route 49. The WMA is generally low and flat with several ridges or islands extending across the interior. Elevations vary from 369 to 439 feet with most of the area not exceeding 30 feet above Oneida Lake. The muck-peat and acid sand soils have a strong influence on the vegetation. The majority of the area is swamp hardwood with soft maple (silver, red) predominating; upland portions contain mixed hardwoods such as soft maple, white pine, white cedar, ashes, oaks, and hickories. Abandoned farmland on the swamp border have been encroached upon completely by spirea, high bush cranberry, dogwood, aspen, pin-cherry, birch, and other pioneer species. Initial acreage for Three Mile Bay WMA was acquired in the 1950s with Pittman Robertson Funds. Additional acreage was acquired under the 1962 Recreational Bond Act. The purpose for the original acquisition was for the development of waterfowl habitat.